The question is: how can you make a one key instrument that plays melodies you control? Here I use the time interval between presses to choose a note from a list. So press the space key to trigger notes. press faster to play higher notes. If you tap the same rhythm twice, you can get the same melody to play. The same rhythm a bit slower will shift the melody lower in pitch.
This project was inspired a by a post on the MaKey MaKey forums: http://www.makeymakey.com/forums/index.php?topic=15241.0 A person named Florian wanted to make a MaKey MaKey instrument out of plants, but he only had one plant. He came up with a similar idea, which inspired this Scratch project.