ENERGY Uses Metabolism aka all the chemical stuff that happens in ur body including these reactions and it helps the aftermath of these things ATP it makes all this happen Chemical bonds get broken and new one is make and that causes absorbing or releasing Activation energy starts chemical reaction Endothermic reaction = big push for reaction because body likes where they are and don’t wanna change Anabolic reactions come from environment and build Exothermic reactions releases energy and doesn’t like where it is so wants to happen Catabolic reaction breaks down stuff organic polymers and releases energy Cats break things Catalysts They increase rate at which things happen in reaction Enzymes are catalysts and do same thing they break things down and maintain homeostasis all enzymes are proteins different enzymes do different things enzymes change to work sometimes and combine heat helps enzymes and cold slows it down. More enzymes help go faster but more problem /substraights slow it down. Certain things like penicillin and cyanide stops them from working and producing atp/energy Carbohydrates 1:21 1 carbon 2 hydrogen 1 oxygen Biggest mass wise It’s like sugars starches cellulose and glycogens We use these as source of energy structure for body cell communication in body Glycogen is in liver and muscles so used quick during like workouts Plants use it too mainly with starch GLUCOSE IS BROKEN DOWN INTO ATP Cellulose makes up wall and isn’t broken down Sugar makes DNA and nucleic acids Chitin is in animals exoskeleton and fungi cell walls it is a carbohydrate Carbohydrates allow communication in body and lets your body know what is wrong like immune system LIPIDS or fats nuts avocados Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 1,2,less than 1 Wax, steroids, fats, phospholipids Lipids help Energy Messaging Big in cell membrane Cushions body Lipids are stored really well compact and lots of energy but it takes more to break it down since it’s more complicated and body wants to break down glucose instead Vitamins are fatty acids ….. side note better for u Lipids help structure by helping cell membrane or bilayer. Allow movement in cells, doesn’t stop everything from getting in they keep nerves safe Make ear wax and basically waterproofs our body Adipose tissue helps insulate and cushions organs and body Steroids, effect cholesterol which makes hormones which helps break down stuff, maintains water levels, helps body overall Proteins or meats and stuff Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen The molecule that does everything else we didn’t say about They make shape of stuff, organ organization Clean up waste Help the talking in body Proteins can be any size shape (basically very diverse) Proteins are Enzymes, some hormones and tons of other stuff Proteins help us grow and grow stuff in our bodies It helps make protection for body like skin and bones Proteins carry things in body and store stuff Proteins help balance blood regulation Not very efficient energy body likes fats and carbohydrates more Nucleic acids Genetic functioning Nitrogen, phosphorus, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon Basically they hold everything together and it’s dna stuff DNA Deoxyribonucleic acids Makes proteins and tells them how to work RNA Ribonucleic acids Makes proteins Transfers stuff Messages/copies ATP adenosine triphosphate Transports stuff Chemically works Mechanically works
Ms. Owen’s
