The tangent function (tan) is a trigonometric function that represents the ratio of the opposite side to the adjacent side of a right triangle. Mathematically, it can be expressed as tan(θ) = sin(θ) / cos(θ). The tangent function is periodic with a period of π radians (or 360°), meaning its values repeat every π radians. It is not defined at 90° (or π/2 radians) because it would require division by zero.
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